PIP

CHAPIN Vincent — 2010-09-02T13:07:53Z

Quelques mots pour vous dire comment j'aborde le projet d'initiative personnel et les thèmes sur lesquels nous travaillons depuis quelques années.

Les projets que j'encadre sont de nature expérimentale (le moins souvent possible), numérique (la plupart du temps) ou du type étude de faisabilité, étude de dimensionnement pour des sujets faisant appel à l'innovation. J'encourage vivement les projets multi-disciplinaires même s'il faut bien reconnaître qu'ils ne sont pas encore valorisé comme ils devraient l'être à l'ISAE.

Voici une liste non exhaustives de sujets ou thème de PIP que je vous propose de traiter si le cœur vous en dit :

Développement durable appliqué en mécanique des fluides
Biomimétisme appliqué en mécanique des fluides
Aérodynamique instationnaire des profils d'aile battant
Aérodynamique des voiliers
Mécanique des fluide active

Liens PIP :

PIP en cours de négociation 2010 - 2011
PIP année 2009 - 2010
PIP année 2008 - 2009

VLab - Simulation, Optimisation & Design Numérique

CHAPIN Vincent — 2010-01-15T17:04:07Z

VLab Project A Computational Framework for Simulation and Optimization in Fluid Mechanics

Une tendance de fond ces dernières années en mécanique des fluides est de recourir massivement à la simulation numérique à la fois dans le domaine de la recherche et du développement de nouveaux produits dans l'industrie. Les champs d'application de la simulation numérique sont très vastes et s'étendent chaque année pour traiter des problèmes de plus en plus complexes avec des ordinateurs toujours plus puissant et des logiciels plus intelligents. Dans ce contexte, ISAE/DAEP développe une plateforme de simulation et d'optimisation numérique multi-physiques nommée VLab (Virtual Laboratory). Avec cette nouvelle plateforme, il est possible de simuler et d'optimiser des écoulements complexes (voir quelques exemples ci-dessous.

Examples of simulations & optimization done through VLab :

Aerodynamic

Optimisation du design d'un profil d'aile suivant une fonction coût aérodynamique choisi par l'ingénieur comme la maximisation de la portance, de la finesse, la minimisation de la traînée ou de tout autre fonction exprimable à partir des résultats d'une simulation numérique.

Exemple maximisation de la finesse aérodynamique ou de la portance d'un profil d'aile de la famille des NACA 4 digits. Il s'agit d'une optimisation mono-objectif à 4 paramètres (cambrure, position de la cambrure, épaisseur et incidence). Si l'on se donne 20 valeurs pour chaque paramètre on recherche les profils optimums parmi 20^4 = 160 000 configurations aérodynamiques.
question 1 : quelle forme maximise la portance ?
question 2 : quelle forme maximise la finesse aérodynamique ?

Quelques profils testés au cours de l'optimisation

Les maillages hybrides générés automatiquement avec un maillage structuré pour capturer les phénomènes physiques prépondérants (couche limite, sillage, décollement). Les maillages utilisés pour les résultats sont plus fins que ceux des figures ci-dessus pour plus de clarté.

Après un calcul sur maillages fins (2h de calcul sur un ordinateur portable standard) voici les résultats :

Comparaison des résultats dans le plan (portance, finesse) d'une optimisation manuelle et d'une optimisation avec un algorithme évolutionnaire (CMA-ES)

The analysis of the flow is based on 2D RANS simulations with Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model
The optimization is based on CMA-ES evolutionary algorithm developped by N. Hansen from LRI, University Paris-Sud, Orsay. One great advantage of this algorithm is that in contrast to most other evolutionary algorithms, the CMA-ES is quasi parameter-free. It has been empirically successful in many applications and is useful in particular on non-convex, non-separable, ill-conditioned, multi-modal or noisy objective functions. The search space dimension ranges typically between two and a few hundred. Assuming black-box optimization, where gradients are not available and function evaluations are the only considered cost of search, the CMA-ES method is likely to be outperformed by other methods in the following scenarios.

on low-dimensional functions, say n < 5, for example by the downhill simplex method or surrogate-based methods (like kriging with expected improvement)
on separable functions without or with only negligible dependencies between the design variables in particular in the case of multi-modality or large dimension, for example by differential evolution
on (nearly) convex-quadratic functions with low or moderate condition number of the Hessian matrix, where BFGS or NEWUOA are typically ten times faster
on functions that can already be solved with a comparatively small number of function evaluations, say no more than 10n, CMA-ES is often slower than, for example, NEWUOA or Multilevel Coordinate Search (MCS).

Flow Control

Optimization of a synthetic jet (location, frequency, angle, jet velocity and diameter) to maximize airfoil lift by decreasing the extend of the suction surface separation.

2D Sails

Optimal shape and trim of 2D interacting sails

Lift optimization :

Lift-to-Drag ratio optimization :

3D sails

Analysis of the three-dimensional sail flow

(a) 3D separation on the top for a bad sail design & trim

(b) smaller separation for a better sail design & trim obtained through an optimization process on VLab

Optimization of 3D sail shape through 3D RANS

(a) Initial design : 3D separation on the top

(b) Optimized design : no separation

Validation

Comparison ofVLab, Xfoil, Javafoil with NASA wind-tunnel tests on the aerodynamic airfoil polar plot.

NACA 0012 at Re=6e6 is chosen for validation purposes because it is a well documented test case. As an example detailed validations may be found from http://turbmodels.larc.nasa.gov/

A comparison of our prediction by RANS 2D on VLab through FLUENT is made in the following figure with experimental datas :

Airfoil+Flap

This test case has been done during the CFD course & project (3A ENSICA in 2009-2010 by Gerhard Zumbil & Tanguy Kervern). Comparisons between VLab-FLUENT, Xfoil & Javafoil have been done.

For more details : see the following student report :

Other examples of numerical simulations or optimizations have been done in two-dimensional and three-dimensional flows.

a VLab video to had here...

VLab conceptual architecture

VLab functional architecture

Past Projects

CHAPIN Vincent — 2010-01-08T10:29:10Z

RANS modelling of the thrust generation of a two-dimensional flapping airfoil - PIP, Erasmus 2009

Contrôle du décollement de bord d'attaque sur NACA 23012 par jets synthétiques - PIP 2009

Aérodynamique d'une voile à double peau - PIP 2009

Study of the kite aerodynamic - PIP 2008

A numerical demonstrator of thrust vectoring through a fluidic actuator - 2003

An innovative twin rig for the Hydraplaneur of Yves PARLIER - 2005

Objective : evaluate the aerodynamic performance of the twin rig by comparison with a classic rig though wind tunnel tests in S4 and a modelization of the aero-hydrodynamic equilibrium of the boat.

Partnership : Y. PARLIER

Presse : La technologie aéronautique Toulousaine au service de la voile de compétition SLB, Toulouse, le savoir faire aéronautique prend la mer SLB

A double surface sail with reversible camber, patent number n°2 827 570 - 2001

An example of innovation project done at ENSICA.

Objective : demonstrate the faisability and the high performance of our patent on a double surface sail.

Partnership : OSEO (financial support), AZ Voile (design of our double surface sail), IUT Nantes (design of a carbon rig)

VoilePI
envoyé par vchapin. - Vidéos des dernières découvertes technologiques.

If you are interested, please contact vincent.chapin[at]isae.fr.

If you need some guidance to manage your project : Project management - E. Zenou

Current Projects

CHAPIN Vincent — 2010-01-08T10:29:07Z

Because we need innovations to design a sustainable future, because ideas are our greatest natural ressources, we propose research & innovation projects for motivated students who want to contribute to shape our world.

These projects may be done in PIP, IDEE, PIR, PFE, Socrates, DNM, etc...

Numerical Aeroacoustic Optimization of CROR - ISAE/ONERA

PhD thesis S. Bechet : One application of your research is done through a partnership with AIRBUS ion the following subject : "Aero-acoustic Integration of Contra-rotating Propellers Blades"
Master thesis - Annika LAENGER - Munich University
Master thesis - Chong LI - Ecole Centrale Lyon

Closed loop control of the flow around an airfoil - DAEP

Development of a kite pilot for autonomous kite sailing - DMIA/DAEP - Yves PARLIER

Learning to flap like birds and insects - DMIA/DAEP

Development of an experimental demonstrator of thrust vectoring through a fluidic actuator - DAEP

To begin, you may see the numerical demonstrator we have developed in 2003 in the Past Projects section.

Edito

CHAPIN Vincent — 2009-06-09T10:29:17Z

Sommaire

Vincent CHAPIN, is an Associate Professor in Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics at the Department of Aerodynamic, Energetic and Propulsion from Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE).

About us : download my CV

Research themes :

Tools :

We develop a Computational Framework for Multiphysics Optimization : VLab 3.0

More information, please email me at vincent.chapin[at]isae.fr

News

Jobs, Projects, PhD, ... :

Wingsails for High Speed Sailing - Partnership : Assystem, North Sails France, Team France
Soft sails, Kite for propulsion & energy - Partnership : Beyond The Sea
MultiDisciplinary MultiPoint MultiObjective Optimization in Fluid Design

Research

Research topics :

Multidisciplinary Design Optimization
Bio-inspired Fluid Design
Soft Sails for Propulsion & Energy
Unsteady separated flows & Flow Control

Our research is based on the development of a computational framework VLab 3.0 to make time accurate highly reliable numerical simulations in fluid mechanics. This computational framework is based on parametric geometries (in house development), a mesher (GAMBIT, GMSH, ICEMCFD) and a solver (FLUENT, StarCCM+, OpenFOAM) and may be used to produce new design by solving optimization problems (fluid mechanics or multiphysics).

MDO

Aeroelastic Design Optimization of Wingsails - partnership : Assystem, PhD Thesis of A. FIUMARA, 2014-2017


classC URANS d35 plan x/L


class C URANS d35 plan x/L

Aeroacoustic Design Optimization of CROR Blades - partnership : AIRBUS, PhD Thesis of S. BECHET, 2011-2014

Flow Control

VLab 3.0 is used to investigate the leading-edge flow separation around an airfoil and its control through the implementation of actuators on the wall surface. New flow control strategies are defined and validated through high-fidelity numerical simulations based on RANS, URANS, DES, DNS and on actuator design optimizations.

Bio-inspired Fluid Design

We are trying to gain insight into the physical mechanisms of the unsteady flow of corrugated dragonfly wing sections .

We are studying the flow around bio-inspired wings with sinusoïdal leading-edge as whale flippers.

VLab

VLab is a framework or a numerical plateform developped at the DAEP to simulate, design and optimize flows around or in various geometries. It is based on the coupling of mesh generators, solvers and optimization algorithms to produce enhanced flows in optimized geometries through high-fidelity numerical simulations.

Recently developed :

2D simulation around all airfoil geometries (Javafoil format)
2D simulation around multi-elements airfoil
2D simulation & optimization of corrugated dragonfly wing sections
3D sails aerodynamic & optimization
3D Fluid-Structure Interaction on sails
3D Biomimetic Wing Optimization

Teaching

I have created and I teach the following courses :

Computational Fluid Mechanics, 3rd year SUPAERO, M2R DET, DNM, 2002-
Gas Turbine & Propulsion, Aircraft Airworthiness Master, ISAE, 2000-
Sustainable Development : an introduction, 3rd year ENSICA, ISAE, 2011-2014
Transition in a World Driven by Fossil Fuel, 2nd year ENSICA, ISAE, 2012-2014
Emergent Technologies in Marine Energy & Transport, 3th year SUPAERO, ISAE, 2015-
Sailing : from Archimedian to foiling systems, 3th year SUPAERO, ISAE, 2015-

I coordinate the following courses :

Energy & Networks, Domain Energy Transport & Environments, 3rd year SUPAERO, ISAE, 2015-
Maritime Transport, Domain Energy Transport & Environments, 3rd year SUPAERO, ISAE, 2015-
Aeroelasticity, 3rd year ENSICA, ISAE, 2013-2014
Aeroacoustics, 3rd year ENSICA, ISAE, 2013-2014
Turbomachinery : Advanced Aerodynamics, 3rd year ENSICA, ISAE, 2000-2012
Turbomachinery : The System, 3rd year ENSICA, ISAE, 2000-2012
Introduction to Turbomachinery, 3rd year ENSICA, ISAE, 2000-2012

I teach in the following courses :

Fluid Mechanics, 1st, 2nd, 3th year SUPAERO, ISAE, 1993-
Aerodynamics, 2nd year ENSICA, ISAE, 2012-
Thermodynamics, 1st year ENSICA, ISAE, 1993-2011

Innovation

For students who need or want to taste innovation through personal projects during their three years in ISAE. You may begin by :

coming to discuss with us
- about your projects and ideas
- about our projects or ideas in the following areas
  - Sustainable development (wind-turbine, new bicycle concept, ...)
  - Wind propulsion (new sailing yacht rigs, kite sailing, ...)
looking this video : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CmynEO7RGo4&feature=player_embedded
looking past innovation projects done at ENSICA (see below)

If you are interested, please contact vincent.chapin[at]isae.fr.

Support for students innovation :

Each year, numerous challenges are open to students to promote innovation. It is also a good place to meet interesting people to speed-up your innovation project and boost your CV. Some are listed here :

La Cantine - Un espace de rencontre, de formations autour de l'innovation, de la création, des start-up, ...
Concours CRECE - Dépôt des dossiers le 31 Mars, 2 dossiers ISAE retenus chaque année
Concours AIRBUS : Fly Your Ideas
Concours National d'aide à la création d'entreprises innovantes
Midi-Pyrénées Innovation

Concours Idenergie - Inscription ouverte jusqu'au 28 février
EESC Design Eleven - Inscription avant Mai
Prix de la croissance verte - Lancement - Juin, dépôt des dossiers - Octobre
Concours Innovation INPI - Dépôt des dossiers avant le ?
Concours Innovation Midi-Pyrénées - Dépôt des dossiers avant le 10 Septembre chaque année
Projet de valorisation du PRES - Dépôt des dossiers avant le 15 Septembre chaque année

If you need to innovate but you have not yet an idea. Please came to discuss with us. It is by discussing and crossing ideas, that new projects emerge...

An example of innovation which had taken place at ENSICA :

The double surface sail with reversible camber, patent number n°2 827 570 - 2001

An innovation project done at ENSICA.
Objective : demonstrate the faisability and the high performance of our patent on a double surface sail.
Partnership : OSEO (financial support), AZ Voile (design of our double surface sail), IUT Nantes (design of a carbon rig)

VoilePI
envoyé par vchapin. - Vidéos des dernières découvertes technologiques.

Useful links

Useful Links

PIP : propositions for PIP, initiative IDEE, ...
VLab 3.0 : the website of our simulation platform in fluid mechanics (as soon as possible...)
DMF : the old website of the department

PIP

PIP